Cnc turning pdf

While single-bed lathe machines are quite popular, we also get two-three pieced beds, pieces bolted together to meet the desired length. The beds have a high damping capacity to absorb the vibrations produced by the working machine. Carriage: Used for mounting and moving the cutting tools, a carriage moves the tool horizontally and vertically on the bed for a smooth cutting process. Chuck: A chuck is responsible for holding the workpiece. This component is attached to the spindle that rotates both the chuck and workpiece.

The CNC expert operates the machine by controlling the keys on the panel, instructing the machine to produce the desired results. Headstock: This part functions as a holding device for the other components of the lathe like gear chain, spindle, driving pulley and more. Main Spindle: The main feeding center of the machine. Stock is fed via the headstock. Main Drive Motor: The drive motor helps rotate the chuck, thus driving the entire machine.

Tailstock: A tailstock is usually used to conduct drilling operations and support the system. Tool Turret: A tool turret is used a tool carrier for the machine. As discussed in the last part, a typical lathe comprises of a bed, headstock, tailstock, chuck, tool turret, carriage and a spindle for feeding purposes.

The following steps define how this particular machine works: 1. First Step: After checking the machine for the working faults, a cylindrical workpiece is attached to the chuck. Its position can differ as per requirement. Second Step: We now set the spindle on the desired speed, thus rotating the chuck and the workpiece.

Major attention needs to be paid on the spindle speed as any discrepancy can cause cutting errors. Check if the workpiece is turning properly. Third Step: Now locate the cutting tool at the desired feed by moving the tool turret and carriage. Pay special attention to feeding speed. The disadvantage is that when machining starts, there is no finished part to touch off. Machinists typically use an allowance, or make a quick facing cut to create the finished end to get past that problem.

Different controls may be set up with differing numbers of digits to select the tool and wear offset. CNC Lathes are set up this way so that each tool can have more than one wear offset. This is done because turning work often needs to be to very tight tolerances, and the same tool is often used for multiple features on the part.

By using a different wear offset for each feature, the machinist can measure the parts as they come off and tweak the wear offset so each feature is to the specified tolerances.

This all assumes your lathe has a tool turret. It may not—some lathes use Gang Tooling. Suffice to say that with gang tooling, the tools are mounted on the slide and the program selects the tool by explicitly programming slide motions on the X and Z axes. Many controls provide a feature for just that purpose called automatic chamfer and automatic corner rounding. To use the automatic corner break feature, the G01 must move in only one axis—X or Z. Using the chart, choose which axis is moving and in what direction.

For each axis and direction, there are two possible chamfers or corner radii. Choose the one you want and that tells you the sign of the value. So, to give a chamfer, we use C For a radius, we use R That lets you dispense with the chart. G92 S Limiting Speed.

G95 F0. T is the tool. G96 S M04 Cutting speed. Spindle rotation. CW G00 Z2. Safety position for Z axis. G00 X Safety position for X axis as diameter of raw material is Tool will move rapidly to M08 is Coolant ON. G01 X This movement is for taper turning starts at In next step is turning.